COMPARISON BETWEEN SCIENTIFIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORY
Firstly, the scientific
management approach is based on the concept of planning of work to
achieve efficiency, standardization, specialization and simplification. The
approach to increased productivity is through mutual trust between management
and workers. Taylor (1947) proposed four principles of scientific management:
a) Science, not rule-of-thumb;
b) Scientific selection of the worker;
c) Management and labor cooperation rather than
conflict; and
scientific training of workers.
scientific training of workers.
The concept of
scientific management was developed by Frederick Taylor (1856-1915) in late
19th century. The core idea of scientific management was to increase the
efficiency of workers through rationalization and standardization of work. The
main concepts and techniques used to achieve increased efficiency were division
of labour, time and motion studies, work measurements and piece-rate wages
Secondly, the administrative theory was propounded by Henry Fayol and is based
on several principles of management. In addition, management was considered as
a set of planning, organizing, and training, commanding and coordinating
functions.
The concept of administrative management was introduced by Henry Fayol (1841-1925) and focused on the management process and principles of management. He created a functional approach to management and argued that management is a universal process that consists of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling.
The similarities between scientific and administrative Management are as follows.
The concept of administrative management was introduced by Henry Fayol (1841-1925) and focused on the management process and principles of management. He created a functional approach to management and argued that management is a universal process that consists of planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling.
The similarities between scientific and administrative Management are as follows.
Both Scientific and
Administrative management shared a common goal - to increase the efficiency of
the organization. As well as a common goal both management theories shared the
following principles:
1. Work was divided into specialized task easy enough to learn and to be performed efficiently (division of labor).
2. Managers were responsible for assigning the tasks to employees and for guiding them to achieve organizational goals (unity of direction).
3. Payment for work was related to one’s efficiency and ability to meet the set targets (remuneration).
4. Managers and workers shared the common goal which was the foundation for cooperation between them (spirit de corps).
5. Managers were responsible for the employee work and efficiency of the organization.
6. Managers were obliged to threat employees fairly.
1. Work was divided into specialized task easy enough to learn and to be performed efficiently (division of labor).
2. Managers were responsible for assigning the tasks to employees and for guiding them to achieve organizational goals (unity of direction).
3. Payment for work was related to one’s efficiency and ability to meet the set targets (remuneration).
4. Managers and workers shared the common goal which was the foundation for cooperation between them (spirit de corps).
5. Managers were responsible for the employee work and efficiency of the organization.
6. Managers were obliged to threat employees fairly.
Basis
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Scientific
Management Theory
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Administrative
Management Theory
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i.
Developed by
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It is
developed by F.W Taylor, Frank and Lillian Gilberth , William H Leffingwell,
Henry L Gantt and Harrington emerson.
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It is
developed by Henri Fayol, Max Weber, Chester Barnad and Mary Parker Follet.
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ii.
Principle
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Standardization,
Time and Task study, Systematic selection and Training, pay incentives and
Close Cooperation between Managers and Operatives.
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principle of Fayol as the effective principles of management.
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iii.
Contribution
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It is the
foundation of modern management theory and practice.
It is
also valuable insights into production efficiency and devised techniques of
reducing wastage.
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It was
focused on how organizations be structured most effectively to meet their
goals.
It
identified important management process, functions and skills.
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iv.
Influence theory
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Taylor
principle is most influence that is used in all the sector of management that
there is ONE BEST WAY OF DOING EVERY THING.
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Fayol and
Max Weber focused only in boundary of organization as a Function of
management and bureaucratic organization.
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v.
Standard
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It is
established by facts and truth (Gained through systematic observation).
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Henry
Fayol states that the standard are maintained through series of management principle by looking
or help of manager’s job planning, organizing, commanding and coordinating
and controlling.
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vi.
Solutions to problems
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a.
How to increase the output of the average worker
b.
How to improve the efficiency of management
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a)
How to solve management problems.
b)
How to solve organizational problem.
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